Whenever an artist appropiates a historical art piece, the success of such endeavor lies on his capacity to select only those elements that can add to his own discourse, otherwise it could end up as a mere depiction of the reinterpreted work.
Cristóbal Gracia (Mexico City, 1987) has developed a research project about the port of Acapulco based on the reinterpretation of the movie Tarzan and the Mermaids(1948),filmed on the Mexican port,simulating a lost island in Africa,and starring the veteran Hollywood actor Johnny Weissmuller.
For the artist, it is clear that the eccentric relationship represented by Hollywood, between a primitive and exotic African civilization and the Mexican port of Acapulco, is not a minor gesture from the main cinematographic industry,but all theopposite;the geographical and cultural displacement illustrates many of the mistakes and misinterpretations that movies of the time displayed as a way to legitimate a postcolonial interventionist policy.
These mistakes and exoticcliches that serve as a counterpointto link Mexico with all those ideals raisedby modernity during a great period of the20thcentury, are the starting point for Cristóbal Gracia, who observes that the failure of the progressist and avant-garde discourse is reflected on the port of Acapulco itself, as today,this glamorous touristic destination shows its most brutal and violent face, shaken by organized crime.
It is the failure of this modern ideals and the decay of Acapulcothat gives a purport to the reinterpretation, which Cristóbal Gracia proposes in his exhibition Aquatania. Part I. A man should stand where God places him –jungle trails or Hollywood streets –and fight for those things in which he believes. The exhibition uses as leitmotiv the Romanian actor Johnny Weissmuller, who starred in twelve Tarzan movies, being Tarzan and the mermaids the last of them, he lived his last years at the hotel Los Flamingos in Acapulco, where he was no longer capable to distinguish between his real life and the fictional character that gave him world fame.
The ghost of Johnny Weismuller guides us in the video Aquatania. Part I. A man should stand where God places him –jungle trails or Hollywood streets –and fight for those things in which he believes. (2016), central piece of the exhibition, which shows Gracia’s interest on the Hollywood movies, but also on the reality and present days of Acapulco.
The artist preserves the original soundtrack from Tarzan and the mermaidsto make a time-based connection and show how the same settings that served as scenography for the Hollywood movie, look like now-a-days. Filmed in collaboration with local fishermen, who starred with precarious and improvised performances, since Gracia does not seek to replicate the movie, but to update it, as an absurd and self-contradictory version, to emphasize the decay of the port.
The main narrative concepts of the original movie are kept by the artist in the video,as a way to show how power mechanisms are implied in the economic, cultural and political interventionist visions from the United States, implemented through mass media exploited at the time, and which in many instances, are conserved until today.
The project unfolds on a complex body of sculptures, photographs, paintings, and installations that also allude to Mexican artists such as Gabriel Figueroa (1907-1997) and Gunther Gerzso (1915-2000), whocollaborated as well on the movie Tarzan and the mermaids, on account of Estudios Churubusco,who workedin Mexico as an extension of Hollywood’s movie industry and invited several Mexican creators to collaborate.
Gracia takes in the collaboration of both artists by evoking their work through symbolism and metaphors, keeping Figueroa’s cine-photographic work and even some of the original stills from the movie, intervened by Gracia, to emphasize the argument within the audiovisual level. The same occurs with some of the figures created by Gerzso for the movie, which are the foundation for sculpture fragments and some of the scenographic elements recreated and reinterpreted by the artist.
One of the most interesting processes of Gracia ́s reinterpretation, lies in his obsession with giving color both to the film and its paraphernalia, not only to recover a debate from the period(the movie was criticized for not being filmed in color to show Acapulco’s full beauty) but also due to the fact that Gracia realized that to reflect our strange reality, the idyllic grayscale Figueroa so finely exploited, was not enough.
Another fundamental step towards the appropriation of the movie is given through its transmutation into a mural. Cristobal Gracia commissioned Anthuan Salgado, an Acapulco local airbrush artist, to create two portable murals using the same technic he uses to ornament public transportation buses that circulate through the Acapulco port.
These public buses that circulate through Acapulco are traditionally painted with images from Hollywood blockbuster movies, but the crucial thing about these decorations,is the free interpretation given by the vast majority of airbrush artists. Based on this same premise,Cristobal Gracia designed for his murals,images that bring back iconic scenes from the movie Tarzan and the mermaids, and from anthropologic illustrations that depict the colonial exoticism, emphasized on the parallel narrative that his body of work offers.
The murals also engage with sculptural challenges, as they are painted on tiles commonly used for pools (Acapulco venetian tiles), which not only originates a clear allusion to a beach destination (core fetish of the artist), but also imbues them with weight and fragility that transcends any purely pictorial statement. These large format works transmute into rarefied objects, where the theme is as essential as its materiality.
Inbal Miller and Edgar Alejandro Hernández, curators
Special acknowledgments to: Joaquín Roque García Martínez Caballo, Miguel Ángel Sánchez Cara Dura, Enrique De Anda Bazt Calamar, Juventino Sánchez Juve, pescadores de playa Hornos, Jasso Productions, Alejandro Palomino, Camilo Christen, Hotel Flamingos, Sr. Adolfo Santiago, familia Sotomayor, Inbal Miller, Edgar Alejandro Hernández, Ariadna Ramonetti, Hotel Boca Chica Grupo Habita, Fondo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes programa Jóvenes Creadores 2015–2016, Carlos Ranc, Betsabeé Romero, Omar Viveros, Yoni Gómez, Artes Jaimes, Panik, Sr. Estévez, 75 grados, El Cuarto de Máquinas, Biquini Wax E.P.S, Acapulco, Gro.